Places

The Large Hadron Collider is CERN’s underground particle accelerator, used to investigate fundamental particles and interactions through high-energy proton and heavy-ion collisions.

Las Vegas is the largest city in Nevada and the entertainment and gaming capital of the United States, built on casinos, resorts, and conventions in the Mojave Desert.

Latin America is a region of the Americas, from Mexico to Tierra del Fuego, where Romance languages predominate.

Baltic state on the eastern shore of the Baltic Sea; covers its geography, history, society, economy, politics and culture.

Lebanon is a small eastern Mediterranean country known for its diverse religious communities, confessional power-sharing, Phoenician heritage, and a severe economic crisis since 2019.

Lesotho is a landlocked constitutional monarchy entirely surrounded by South Africa, known for its high mountains, its water exports, and its Sesotho-speaking population.

Liberia is a coastal republic in West Africa, founded in the 1800s by settlers from the United States and shaped by civil wars and post-war recovery.

Libya is a North African state on the Mediterranean, largely desert, with Africa's largest proven oil reserves and a divided government since 2014.

A landlocked Alpine principality in Central Europe, known for its small size, constitutional monarchy, high income and financial services sector.

Lima is Peru’s capital and largest city, a Pacific coastal metropolis shaped by Indigenous settlement, Spanish colonial rule, migration, and national economic centralization.

Capital and largest city of Portugal, on the Tagus estuary. It is a major Atlantic port with two millennia of history, a devastating 1755 earthquake, and a tourism-driven modern economy.

Lithuania is a Baltic republic in northeastern Europe and a member of the European Union, NATO and the eurozone, with a history from a medieval grand duchy to Soviet rule and restored statehood in 1990.

A major upland region of northern China, distinguished by deep windblown sediments, dissected terrain, early settlement, and extensive ecological restoration.

London is the capital of the United Kingdom and one of the world's leading global cities, on the River Thames in southeast England.

Los Angeles is the most populous city in California and the commercial, financial, and cultural center of Southern California.

The Louvre is France's national art museum and one of the world's largest and most-visited museums, housed in the former royal palace in Paris.

Artificial lake landscape in eastern Germany, formed by flooding abandoned open-pit lignite mines and promoted as Europe's largest of its kind.

Luxembourg is a small, landlocked constitutional monarchy in Western Europe bordered by Belgium, Germany, and France, with three official languages and one of the highest incomes per person in the world.

Macau is a special administrative region of China on the Pearl River estuary, known for its dense population, its history as a Portuguese territory, and its gaming economy.

Machu Picchu is a 15th-century Inca citadel in the Andes of southern Peru, a UNESCO World Heritage Site known for its dry-stone architecture and terraced landscape.

Island country in the Indian Ocean off southeastern Africa, known for exceptional endemic biodiversity, a long isolated evolutionary history, and recent political upheaval.

Madrid is the capital and largest city of Spain, on the Manzanares River in the central Iberian Peninsula, and a leading political, economic and cultural centre.

Malawi is a landlocked country in southeastern Africa, shaped by the Great Rift Valley and Lake Malawi, with a subtropical climate and an agriculture-based economy.

Malaysia is a tropical federation in Southeast Asia, split between the Malay Peninsula and northern Borneo by the South China Sea, with a geography shaped by rainforest, mountains, and its position on major shipping routes.

The Maldives is an island republic of about 1,190 coral islands in 26 atolls in the Indian Ocean, and one of the lowest-lying countries on Earth.

Landlocked West African country with a rich history of trans-Saharan trade, the medieval Mali Empire, and a population of about 26 million.

Malta is a Mediterranean island country whose geography shaped its history, settlement, and economy.

Manila is the capital of the Philippines, a port city on Manila Bay whose history runs from pre-colonial trade through Spanish and American rule to modern metropolitan growth.

Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun, a cold, dry, dusty world that is the most-explored planet after Earth and a central target for the search for past life and future human spaceflight.

A Pacific island nation of 29 low-lying coral atolls, in free association with the United States and shaped by nuclear testing and climate change.

Mauritania is a largely desert West African Islamic republic known for iron ore, fisheries, historic oasis towns and a political system dominated by the presidency and the military.

Mauritius is a volcanic island nation in the Indian Ocean, about 2,000 km off Africa, with about 1.2 million people, a stable multiparty democracy since independence in 1968, and a sovereignty dispute over the Chagos Archipelago.

Mecca is Islam’s holiest city, a major pilgrimage destination, and the administrative capital of Saudi Arabia’s Mecca Province.

Capital of the Australian state of Victoria and Australia's second-largest city, on Port Phillip Bay.

Mesopotamia is the historical region of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, where some of the earliest cities, states, and writing traditions developed.

Mexico is a federal republic in North America, bordering the United States, Guatemala and Belize, with varied terrain of plateaus, mountains, deserts and coasts.

Capital of Mexico, founded on the lakes of the Valley of Mexico, and one of the largest urban areas in the world.

Miami is a major city on Florida's southeastern Atlantic coast, known for its finance, trade, tourism, Latin American ties, and exposure to climate hazards.

The Federated States of Micronesia is a sovereign island nation in the western Pacific, made up of four states spread across hundreds of islands.

A transcontinental region of Western Asia and parts of North Africa, shaped by ancient civilizations, world religions, energy resources, and conflict.

Milan is the capital of Italy's Lombardy region and a leading global hub for finance, fashion, design and culture, with roots in Roman Mediolanum.

The Ming Dynasty (1368–1644) was the Chinese imperial dynasty founded by the Hongwu emperor, known for its civil service examinations, its northern defenses, and its influence on the later Qing empire.

Moldova is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe between the Prut and Dniester rivers, bordered by Romania and Ukraine, whose geography shapes its farming, water, energy and foreign policy.

Monaco is a sovereign city-state on the French Riviera, ruled as a constitutional monarchy by the Grimaldi family and known for tourism, banking, and tax residency.

The largest contiguous land empire in history, founded in 1206, whose conquests and successor states transformed Eurasian politics, societies, and exchange.

Landlocked East Asian country between Russia and China, known for its steppe, pastoral nomadism, the legacy of the Mongol Empire, and a mining-driven economy.

Montenegro is a small mountainous country on the eastern Adriatic coast of Southeast Europe, independent since 2006 and an EU accession candidate.

Montreal is the second-largest city in Canada and the largest in Quebec, a major French-speaking port and cultural centre built on an island in the St. Lawrence River.

Morocco is a constitutional monarchy in northwest Africa, bordering the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea, with mountainous terrain and diverse climates.

Russia's capital and largest city, on the Moskva River; founded as a fortified settlement in the 12th century.

Mount Everest, the highest mountain above sea level, lies on the Nepal–China border in the Himalayas. Its geology, climate, climbing history, and conservation issues are covered.

A mountain is a landform rising conspicuously above its surroundings, shaped by geological processes and influencing climate, water supplies, ecosystems, and human activity.

Mozambique is a southeastern African country on the Indian Ocean, whose geography is shaped by a long coastline, major river basins, a tropical climate, and offshore gas reserves.

Mumbai is the capital of Maharashtra and India's largest city, on the Arabian Sea coast. It is the country's leading financial and commercial centre.

Munich is the capital of Bavaria and Germany's third-largest city, known for its economy, research institutions and cultural life.

Southeast Asian country bordering China, India, and Thailand, known for its varied terrain, monsoon climate, and a prolonged political and humanitarian crisis since 2021.

Myawaddy is a border town in eastern Myanmar's Kayin State, facing Thailand's Mae Sot across the Moei River, and a major overland trade gateway.

Nairobi is the capital and largest city of Kenya, founded in 1899 as a railway depot and now East Africa's main political, economic and United Nations hub.

Namibia is a southwestern African country on the Atlantic coast, known for its arid landscapes, colonial-era genocide, mineral wealth and emerging offshore oil frontier.

Nanjing is the capital of Jiangsu province in eastern China, a former capital of several dynasties and the Republic of China, and a major Yangtze River Delta city.