People

Argentine-born physician and revolutionary who became a leading figure of the Cuban Revolution, held senior government posts in Cuba, and was killed in 1967 during a guerrilla campaign in Bolivia.

Chinese theoretical physicist who shared the 1957 Nobel Prize in Physics and co-developed Yang–Mills gauge theory.

Taiwanese lawyer and politician who served as president of the Republic of China from 2000 to 2008, leading its first transfer of presidential power between parties.

Taiwanese politician, Kuomintang chairperson, former legislator, and former Executive Yuan spokesperson.

Chiang Ching-kuo was a Kuomintang leader and president of the Republic of China on Taiwan whose career spanned authoritarian government and late political liberalization.

Chiang Hsiao-yen, also known as John Chiang, is a Taiwanese Kuomintang politician and former foreign minister, vice premier, and legislator.

Chinese Nationalist military and political leader who headed the Republic of China on the mainland and later in Taiwan.

Taiwanese lawyer and Kuomintang politician who became mayor of Taipei in December 2022 after serving two legislative terms.

Chien-Shiung Wu was a Chinese American experimental physicist whose work demonstrated parity violation in the weak interaction.

Genoese-born navigator whose 1492 voyage under the Crown of Castile opened sustained contact between Europe and the Americas, with lasting demographic, economic and political consequences.

Circe is a goddess and sorceress in Greek mythology, best known for transforming Odysseus’s companions into pigs and later helping his voyage home.

Claude Monet (1840–1926) was a French painter and a founder of Impressionism, known for outdoor landscapes, serial studies of light, and the late Water Lilies cycle at Giverny.

Claude Shannon was an American mathematician and engineer who founded information theory and established key principles of digital circuit design.

Cleopatra VII (69–30 BCE) was the last active ruler of Ptolemaic Egypt, known for her alliances with Julius Caesar and Mark Antony and for the Roman annexation that followed her death.

Chinese philosopher (c. 551–479 BCE) whose teachings on ren, ritual, learning and governance shaped East Asian ethics and politics for two millennia.

Portuguese footballer whose club and international career includes five Ballon d’Or awards and numerous goalscoring records.

Dante Alighieri (1265–1321) was a Florentine poet whose Divine Comedy shaped Italian language and Western literature.

American artificial intelligence researcher and entrepreneur, co-founder and chief executive officer of Anthropic.

David Ellison is an American film producer and media executive who founded Skydance Media and became chairman and chief executive of Paramount Skydance in 2025.

David Hilbert was a German mathematician whose work shaped modern algebra, geometry, analysis, mathematical physics, and the foundations of mathematics.

David Hume was a Scottish philosopher and historian whose accounts of knowledge, causation, morality, and religion shaped modern philosophy.

Democritus was an ancient Greek philosopher who developed atomism and explored knowledge, ethics, mathematics, and the origins of the natural world.

Chinese revolutionary and statesman (1904–1997) who led the People's Republic of China from 1978 and launched the reform and opening-up era.

Russian chemist who formulated the periodic law, developed an influential periodic table, and predicted properties of undiscovered elements.

American businessman, media personality, and 45th and 47th president of the United States.

Chinese actress and dancer (born 1980) known for films such as Happy Times and 2046 and for television dramas including The Story of a Noble Family.

Du Fu (712–770) was a Tang dynasty poet, ranked with Li Bai as China's greatest, whose roughly 1,400 surviving poems reflect the upheaval of the An Lushan Rebellion.

American writer, poet and critic (1809–1849) known for Gothic tales, the poem "The Raven", and early detective fiction; a pioneer of the modern short story.

American founder of Theranos, convicted in 2022 of defrauding investors in the blood-testing company.

Elizabeth I was queen of England and Ireland from 1558 to 1603 and the last monarch of the Tudor dynasty.

South African–born entrepreneur associated with Tesla, SpaceX, X, and artificial-intelligence ventures.

American singer and actor whose recordings and performances helped bring rock and roll to a worldwide mass audience.

Emmy Noether was a German mathematician whose work transformed abstract algebra and established fundamental connections between symmetry and conservation laws in physics.

Founder of the Eastern Han dynasty (r. AD 25–57), who restored the Han after Wang Mang's Xin and reunified China.

Second Tang emperor, whose reign consolidated imperial institutions and expanded Tang power across Inner Asia.

Emperor Wu of Han (r. 141–87 BCE) was the seventh Han emperor, who expanded the empire, promoted Confucianism, and built a state-controlled economy.

Cixi (1835–1908) was the Qing dynasty's dominant regent for nearly half a century, shaping late imperial China's politics, reforms and foreign relations.

Enoch Wu is a Taiwanese politician and founder of Forward Alliance, an organization focused on civilian emergency preparedness and resilience.

Enrico Fermi was an Italian-American physicist who developed quantum statistics and beta-decay theory and led the first controlled, self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction.

Eric Xu (Xu Zhijun, born 1967) is a Chinese business executive who has been a deputy chairman of Huawei since 2018 and serves as rotating chairman for the October 2026 to March 2027 term.

American businessman and former Navy SEAL who founded Blackwater and developed international security ventures.

Ernest Hemingway was an American novelist, short-story writer, and journalist whose spare prose helped shape twentieth-century literature.

Ernest Rutherford was a New Zealand-born physicist who established the nuclear model of the atom and pioneered research on radioactive decay and nuclear transformations.

Austrian physicist who developed wave mechanics and explored the foundations of quantum theory, biological order, and the relationship between mind and matter.

Euclid was an ancient Greek mathematician whose Elements organized geometry and number theory into an influential deductive system.

Computer scientist known for ImageNet, visual recognition research, and initiatives in human-centered artificial intelligence and inclusive AI education.

Felix Klein was a German mathematician who unified geometries through transformation groups and helped shape mathematical research and education.

Portuguese navigator whose 1519–1522 Spanish expedition completed the first voyage around the world, though he died in the Philippines in 1521.

Fibonacci was a medieval mathematician from Pisa whose writings helped spread Hindu–Arabic arithmetic in Europe and included the sequence now named after him.

Cuban revolutionary leader who ruled Cuba from 1959 to 2008 and was a central figure of the Cold War era.

Frances Haugen is an American former Facebook product manager who disclosed internal company documents in 2021 and became an advocate for social-media transparency.

Francis Bacon was an English philosopher, statesman, and essayist whose program of experimental inquiry and institutional cooperation helped shape early modern science.

American psychologist who developed the perceptron, an early learning neural network that helped establish the foundations of machine learning.

Thirty-second president of the United States, whose administration implemented the New Deal and led the country during most of World War II.

German-language writer from Prague whose fiction transformed modern literature through its unsettling portrayals of authority, alienation, and uncertainty.

Polish-French composer and pianist (1810–1849) whose works for solo piano reshaped Romantic-era keyboard music.

Mexican painter (1907–1954) known for self-portraits that explore identity, the body, pain and death, blending Mexican folk traditions with Surrealism.

Fridtjof Nansen was a Norwegian polar explorer, scientist, diplomat, and humanitarian who received the 1922 Nobel Peace Prize for his international relief and refugee work.

Friedrich Nietzsche (1844–1900) was a German philosopher and philologist whose critiques of morality, truth, and religion reshaped modern thought, though his aphoristic works won little attention in his lifetime.

German chemist who developed ammonia synthesis, received the 1918 Chemistry Nobel Prize, and directed chemical-warfare research during World War I.