Organizations

A Nobel Committee evaluates candidates for a Nobel award; most recommend laureates to a larger institution, while the Norwegian committee decides the Peace Prize itself.

The Nobel Foundation is a Swedish private foundation that manages Alfred Nobel’s financial legacy and supports the administration and independence of the Nobel Prizes.

UNHCR is the United Nations refugee agency, providing international protection, humanitarian assistance, and support for lasting solutions to displacement and statelessness.

American media and entertainment corporation formed in 2025 and renamed Skydance Corporation after acquiring Warner Bros. Discovery in 2026.

Beijing-based Chinese designer-toy company known for blind-box figurines and the Labubu character; listed in Hong Kong since 2020.

The highest division of men’s association football in England, established in 1992 and contested by 20 clubs.

Princeton University is a private research university in New Jersey, founded in 1746 and known for undergraduate independent work and graduate scholarship.

Annual American prizes for journalism, letters, drama and music, funded by Joseph Pulitzer's will and administered by Columbia University since 1917.

Qualcomm is an American fabless semiconductor and wireless-technology company, founded in 1985, known for cellular patent licensing and Snapdragon processors.

American nonprofit policy research organization originating in military analysis and active across defense, health, education, economics, and technology.

Rothamsted Research is a British agricultural research institute founded in 1843, known for its long-term field experiments and contributions to crop nutrition, ecology, and statistics.

The Royal Society is the United Kingdom’s national academy of sciences, founded in 1660 to advance scientific knowledge through research, publication, and international cooperation.

An independent Swedish scientific academy founded in 1739 that promotes research and selects Nobel laureates in physics, chemistry, and economic sciences.

Walmart-owned American membership-only warehouse club chain, founded in 1983, with operations in Mexico, China and Brazil.

The Schutzstaffel, or SS, was a Nazi organization central to political repression, the concentration camp system, and the Holocaust.

Chinese new energy vehicle manufacturer headquartered in Chongqing, known for the AITO brand developed with Huawei; listed in Shanghai and Hong Kong.

SpaceXSI is the name adopted in October 2026 for SpaceX’s artificial-intelligence business, previously known as SpaceXAI and originating as xAI.

Stanford University is a private research university in California, founded in 1885, with broad academic programs and longstanding connections to Silicon Valley.

Chinese artificial intelligence company based in Shanghai, known for the multimodal Step series of foundation models.

Sveriges Riksbank is Sweden’s central bank, founded in 1668, responsible for monetary policy, currency issuance, payment settlement, and contributing to financial stability.

The Swedish Academy is an independent cultural institution that promotes Swedish language and literature and selects the Nobel Prize laureates in literature.

The Beatles were an English rock band from Liverpool, active from 1960 to 1970, whose songs and studio work made them one of popular music's most influential acts.

The Walker Brothers were an American pop trio whose British success in the 1960s preceded a reunion and a turn toward experimental music.

Theranos was a American health technology company (2003–2018) that claimed to run many blood tests on tiny samples. Its technology did not perform as advertised, and its founder was convicted of investor fraud.

Chinese consumer-electronics company based in Shenzhen, known for the TECNO, itel and Infinix phone brands and its leading share of African smartphone sales.

UNESCO is a United Nations specialized agency, founded in 1945 and based in Paris, that works through education, the sciences, culture, and communication and information.

A United Nations fund supporting children’s rights, basic services, development and humanitarian assistance worldwide.

The United Nations is an international organization established in 1945 to maintain peace, promote human rights, and support cooperation and development.

The United Nations General Assembly is the UN’s universally representative organ, responsible for deliberation, recommendations, institutional elections, and budgetary decisions.

The United Nations Security Council is the UN organ primarily responsible for maintaining international peace and security, with authority to adopt binding decisions.

Hangzhou-based Chinese maker of quadruped and humanoid robots; listed on Shanghai's STAR Market in 2026.

UCL is a research university in Bloomsbury, London. Founded in 1826 as a secular institution, it is a member of the Russell Group and a constituent college of the University of London.

A public research university founded in 1868, Berkeley is the University of California’s oldest campus and a center of scholarship and student activism.

Founded in 1209, the University of Cambridge is a collegiate research university in England, known for its Nobel Prize record, research output and rankings.

The University of Chicago is a private American research university founded in 1890, known for its Core curriculum and contributions to scholarship across disciplines.

A Scottish research university founded in 1451, known for its contributions to scholarship, science, medicine, and public life.

The University of Oxford is a collegiate research university in England and the oldest university in the English-speaking world.

The University of Southern California is a private research university in Los Angeles, founded in 1880.

The World Bank is an international development institution that provides financing, policy support, and technical assistance to reduce poverty and support long-term development.

The World Health Organization is the United Nations specialized agency responsible for international health cooperation, technical standards, and coordination of responses to health emergencies.

The World Trade Organization administers international trade agreements, provides a negotiating forum, monitors trade policies, and handles disputes among its members.

xAI is an AI company founded by Elon Musk in 2023, known for the Grok models; it absorbed the social platform X in 2025, was acquired by SpaceX in 2026, and reportedly rebranded as SpaceXAI.

Xiongnu were a steppe confederation and empire that dominated the Mongolian Plateau and rivalled Han China from the 3rd century BCE to the 1st century CE.

Russian internet and technology group that began with a search engine and later expanded into maps, ride-hailing, e-commerce, and AI.

Zhejiang University is a public research university in Hangzhou, China, tracing its origins to Qiushi Academy, founded in 1897.