{
  "id": "national-anthem-of-the-republic-of-china",
  "title": "National Anthem of the Republic of China",
  "lang": "en",
  "source_lang": "en",
  "summary": "The national anthem of the Republic of China originated in a 1924 address by Sun Yat-sen and was adopted for national use in 1937.",
  "category": "arts",
  "subcategory": "music",
  "type": "work",
  "aliases": [
    "Three Principles of the People"
  ],
  "generated_at": "2026-10-15",
  "model": "pro/gpt-6.1-sol",
  "url": "https://aiwiki.page/en/national-anthem-of-the-republic-of-china/",
  "translations": {
    "zh-Hans": {
      "url": "https://aiwiki.page/zh/national-anthem-of-the-republic-of-china/",
      "json": "https://aiwiki.page/zh/national-anthem-of-the-republic-of-china.json"
    }
  },
  "sections": [
    {
      "heading": "",
      "text": "The National Anthem of the Republic of China is the official national anthem of the Republic of China (ROC), based in Taiwan. Its words derive from an address delivered by Sun Yat-sen in 1924, and its music was composed by Cheng Maoyun, also romanized as Cheng Mao-yun. Originally adopted as the party song of the Kuomintang (KMT), it became the national anthem in 1937. It is distinct from the National Flag Anthem of the Republic of China, which has different words and music. (english.president.gov.tw)"
    },
    {
      "heading": "Origins and adoption",
      "text": "The text originated as an exhortation delivered at the opening of the Whampoa Military Academy in Guangzhou on June 16, 1924. Although officially credited to Sun, the Presidential Office’s historical account identifies Hu Hanmin, Dai Chuan-hsien, Liao Zhongkai, and Shao Yuanchong as assisting with its drafting. Its original setting was therefore military and political rather than a competition to produce a national anthem. (president.gov.tw)\n\nIn October 1928, the KMT selected the exhortation as the words of its party song and solicited musical settings. Cheng’s composition was chosen from 139 submissions, and the party formally approved it on January 10, 1929. On March 20, 1930, the Executive Yuan directed that the party song be sung at public gatherings until a national anthem had been established. (president.gov.tw)\n\nThe use of a party song to represent the state prompted objections during the selection process. A government committee established in 1936 sought alternative lyrics but ultimately recommended retaining the existing text. On June 21, 1937, the Nationalist Government promulgated the KMT party song as the national anthem. It remained in use when constitutional government commenced on December 25, 1947. (president.gov.tw)"
    },
    {
      "heading": "Words and meaning",
      "text": "The anthem opens by invoking Sun’s Three Principles of the People. Its text connects these principles with the establishment of the republic and the pursuit of datong, an ideal of general harmony or commonwealth. It then calls for sustained effort, courage, trustworthiness, loyalty, and unity of purpose. (english.president.gov.tw)\n\nThe lyrics comprise 48 Chinese characters, arranged in twelve four-character phrases. Their compact form gives the anthem the character of an exhortation: it states a guiding doctrine and then specifies the conduct expected of those who follow it. The phrase wu dang, literally “our party,” reflects the text’s origins as an address associated with the KMT. (president.gov.tw)\n\nThe anthem’s official title names the state rather than its opening words. It is also informally identified by the opening phrase, “Three Principles of the People,” but that is not its formal ceremonial title. (wikisource.org)"
    },
    {
      "heading": "Ceremonial performance",
      "text": "Official protocol distinguishes between singing the anthem and playing it instrumentally. National Day ceremonies include communal singing, whereas the government’s spring and autumn commemorations at the National Revolutionary Martyrs’ Shrine use a military-band performance without singing. An instrumental rendition is thus a prescribed form of observance in some ceremonies, not necessarily an occasion for vocal participation. (president.gov.tw)"
    },
    {
      "heading": "Distinction from the flag anthem",
      "text": "The national anthem and the national flag anthem are separate compositions. The former uses the exhortation attributed to Sun and Cheng’s musical setting; the latter has lyrics credited to Dai Chuan-hsien and music by Huang Tzu. Their shared association with official ceremonies does not make their titles interchangeable. (english.president.gov.tw)\n\nA further distinction concerns international sport. The Chinese Taipei Olympic Committee identifies its own anthem as a composition by Huang Tzu, rather than Cheng. Consequently, the anthem associated with Chinese Taipei’s Olympic representation should not be confused with the ROC national anthem beginning with the Three Principles of the People. (tpenoc.net)"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    "taiwan",
    "sun-yat-sen",
    "kuomintang",
    "national-flag-anthem-of-the-republic-of-china",
    "guangzhou",
    "chinese-characters"
  ],
  "sources": [
    {
      "title": "National anthem—Office of the President, Republic of China (Taiwan)",
      "url": "https://english.president.gov.tw/Page/97"
    },
    {
      "title": "國歌—中華民國總統府",
      "url": "https://www.president.gov.tw/page/97"
    },
    {
      "title": "國歌歌詞",
      "url": "https://www.president.gov.tw/File/Doc/afd4923d-ee58-4971-93de-f544ba458abc"
    },
    {
      "title": "National Anthem of the Republic of China—Wikisource",
      "url": "https://wikisource.org/wiki/National_Anthem_of_the_Republic_of_China"
    },
    {
      "title": "總統出席秋祭活動遭惡意扭曲　總統府：嚴厲譴責",
      "url": "https://www.president.gov.tw/News/23649"
    },
    {
      "title": "National flag—Office of the President, Republic of China (Taiwan)",
      "url": "https://english.president.gov.tw/page/96"
    }
  ],
  "license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
}